Toyata Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Toyata - Case Study Example The main office of the company is situated in Tokyo. The company is one of the greatest giants in the field of the world machine building, though it also has expanded into the area of robot building. The mission of Toyota, can be summarized as the following â€Å"to attract clients who value safety and quality as the first priority†. The company also has a well-established system of principles that is strictly followed in all countries of its operation. It proclaims the principle of the respect of any language and traditions of the nation that they involve into their operation or marketing processes. One of the most significant principles is to do one’s best to create a comfortable atmosphere in the company to motivate the staff to be dedicated to their work. The vision of the company covers the company’s prosperity up to 2020. They see the company’s goal in constant development, penetration into new territories, increasing the quality of the car and improvement of the life quality. According to the company statute the eventual goal is to achieve the total satisfaction of a customer. Up to 2020 the company is planning to set the car production or at least its assembly in several countries that still do not have Toyota plant in. They also intend to introduce several new car models. The current strategy of Toyota originates from the one within its foundation. The main principle of it is ‘Just in Time production’ (that implies the manufacturing process follow the time-plan strictly). The company has worked out the System of Toyota Production that covers such elements as teamwork, mutual respect, constant improvement, and facing the challenge. The company’s strategy is to achieve expansion and development. In the industry of operation the company possesses the fifth place in the world. By now a comfortable, safe and reasonable priced car has also captured the American market that with the world crisis started looking for less luxurious

Research information analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Research information analysis - Essay Example The health diet that is used to treat diabetes is manly made up of the sugar free foods and drinks. Therefore, to understand the treatment of diabetes, through the application of health diets, then undertaking a study regarding the sugar free foods and drinks becomes necessary, which is the basis of this study. The importance of undertaking this research is to understand sugar free food and drinks, regarding how they can be applied as health diet for the treatment of diabetes, overweight and obesity. The research also seeks to help the manufacturers understand the market available for the sugar free products, in that, through a clear understanding of the market, then, they will target this market in producing their products, by availing those products that perfectly suits their target market. Sugar free foods and drinks have most of the sugar substance in foods, sucrose, replaced with other sugar substitutes. This way, the sugar free food s and drinks are deemed appropriate not only for their use as health diet for the treatment of diabetes, but also for their role is assisting weight loss and reducing chances of obesity (Metcalfe, 2007 p18). The difference between the foods and drinks suitable for the treatment of diabetes and the normal foods is in the fact that, these food stuffs should be low in energy content, consists of carbohydrates that are easily absorbed and have a higher fructose content, than is necessary for the normal foods (Blades, 1993 p6). Thus, the observed increase in the trends of preference and consumption of sugar free foods and drinks have emanated from the concern for the role of sugar in causing diabetes, overweight and obesity. According to the theory of consumer behavior, consumers follow a given process in making purchase decisions. They perceive the need for a product, evaluates available information, in this case, such as the pro and cons of sugar free foods, and their relationship to diabetes and weight

Tissue paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Tissue - Research Paper Example Tree made tissue papers are a threat to the environment. â€Å"Worldwide, the equivalent of almost 270,000 trees is either flushed or dumped in landfills every day and roughly 10 percent of that total is attributable to toilet paper† (Braun). With the increasing pressure upon companies to adopt environment friendly ways to generate their services, there is a growing trend among the vendors to produce tree-free tissue papers. One such company is Emerald Brand that intends making tissue papers from Bagasse, which is the residue obtained from the sugar cane after its juice has been extracted. â€Å"Its made of 100% recycled sugar cane bagasse which produces paper and tableware products† (â€Å"Tree-Free Toilet Paper†). Use of Bagasse in the making of tissue papers is beneficial in several ways. Firstly, it is a replacement of trees. This means that trees do not have to be wiped of to make tissue papers as there is an alternative solution which is environment friendl ier. Use of Bagasse in manufacturing tissue papers not only puts an agricultural waste material to use, but also prevents the hazardous gases that are conventionally released in the atmosphere in the usual procedure to dispose off Bagasse. Making tissue paper from Bagasse also consumes fewer chemicals and lesser energy as compared to making tissue papers from trees. â€Å"Our goal is to make going green an easy choice for businesses The Emerald Brand allows companies to make the responsible decision without sacrificing room in their budget. It’s a win-win for businesses and the environment† (Bianculli cited in Petru). On individual level, people assume the responsibility to minimize the use of tissue papers to reduce pollution. We normally consume more tissue paper than what we really need in the household activities. Another benefit of using tissue papers made from sugarcane is that they are more durable than the

MPC FINANCE( HR MANAGEMENT) Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

MPC FINANCE( HR MANAGEMENT) - Case Study Example Some recommendations have been made for the better utilisation and management of human resource of the company which will help the company in achieving better results with regard to their human resource management. There are certain inefficiencies found in the human resource management of the company. Management is relying on the hierarchical structure for in an old progressive manner for deciding the compensation of company's employees. Work force is hired at the lowest level and they progress with the passage of time towards the upward positions. Due to this system employees do not tend to work harder for quick progress in the company and thus efficiency is compromised due to un-utilisation of full potential of some employees. The performance management system of company is top down with little chances of interaction between management and subordinates. At the work place where everyone is included in a team and the best of results are achieved through team work, this is not a very good scenario for optimum utilisation of company's resources. Last in first out redundancy policy is in use by company, which is obviously not a universal axiom and the employees should be evaluated with the system which best describes the value added by them in the company.Another defect in the company's HRM system is the dissatisfaction among the employees of regional offices due to general perception that headquarter employees are taken well care of as compared to the regional office employees and due to the fact that absenteeism and labour turnover in the regional offices is three times that in the headquarters offices. Moreover workforce was hired through word of mouth in order to contain costs. Female staff has occupied the lower positions in the company whereas male staff has occupied higher positions and lower staff members are being invested in and encouraged to come up and occupy higher positions as well. It has been observed that people hired from ethnical minorities are not settled in the company's environment because they feel unsecure, unaccepted and lesser career prospects. Turnover of staff appointed within the last year is very high. Other complains include management has invested heavily in the complex IT system and employees are very passive in doing work through that advanced technology. Conclusions There are changes to be made to the HRM system by the management for making it beneficial that would result in the employees' satisfaction. It has been concluded that company's employees are the most valuable assets of company and these are the employees who make up the whole company. For a company it is equally important for its employees to grow and remain satisfied and happy with their jobs. Therefore, the company should invest appropriately in its employees in order to make full use of their abilities. Company should promote and encourage a culture that ensures that all of the employees are satisfied with their peers, their working environment, their infrastructure and

Normative Relativism Ethical Theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Normative Relativism Ethical Theory - Essay Example The ethical theory that I will apply is one whereas an individual running an organization as a youth group with a diversity of members. Some of the members are Christians, others Muslims and others are not religious. Due to the differences in religious orientations of the members, there are issues during discussions and joint functions since some members perceive themselves as better people and more morally upright compared to their counterparts of different religions. This has lead to many decisions being viewed as biased and not accepted by all the members hence growth and nurturing of conflicts and strife. The ethical theory that is to be presented is a normative relativism and it indicates that every individual has what or to what extent he feels that an issue is morally okay hence it cannot be judged against him when he fails to meet the expectations and targets of the society. This is a big dilemma to the judging of individuals since every person has a benchmark of whatever he feels is quantified as ethical moral. My ethical theory is for the search of what is morally right for the society despite the constraints and upheavals facing the society at present and in the past. It, therefore, is a representative of normative ethics hence it will be showing a judgment of what is right or wrong as it occurs within the social ranks. It will examine the virtues, norms, and values attached to the social issues and how the society generally implements the issues. The ethical theory that I present above is one that represents the value ethics of the society in relation to the judgments of issu es in a way that is morally friendly and without compromising the rights and actions of the other individuals.

The Tragedy of Self-Awareness in Native Son Essay Example for Free

The Tragedy of Self-Awareness in Native Son Essay Richard Wright’s Native Son is about the cost of suffering and sacrifices which one man, defined as the Other from the mainstream of society, must pay in order to live as a full human being in a world that denies him the right to live with dignity. As a social being, Bigger Thomas is completely deprived himself because he is unable to find his social and self-esteemed values both in the stunted ghetto life and in the oppression of racist society. Therefore, the only way Bigger can express himself is through violence and rebellion: Wright views Bigger’s tragic destiny as the evidence which directly reflects the violence of a racist society. Eventually, in Native Son, Wight’s accusation is directed toward the systematized oppression applied by the white people, designed to keep the blacks from advancing and attaining their fullest potentialities. Wright’s major purpose in Native Son is to show how tyrannical racist society oppresses the external and internal condition of Bigger Thomas, and how Bigger’s existence is distorted in that oppressive condition. Under the external oppression, black people come to inevitably go through an inner refraction, extremely internalizing the external oppression into the self, at the same time. On that account, self-hatred, shame and impotence are produced. Bigger’s existence, also, is perverted from not only his harsh reality but his own stunted inner-self. Under this dehumanizing condition, he has to be â€Å"a dispossessed and disinherited man,† and has to struggle for his existence even by means of radical violent actions (Wright 466). The deep-rooted discordance induces an inner-refraction, and promotes the fundamental fear of self. That concretely appears in the phase of Bigger who has to observe his family’s suffering, and suffers from confirming his powerlessness. As for Bigger or other black people, fear means poor, incapable and furious. At the same time, fear is an anxious state of mind that he/she is afraid that him/herself is really such a person. This is the heart of the fear that blacks, including Bigger, feel, and that Wright wants to warn of. Similarly, in the case of Bigger, being confronted with the problematic condition, he is unwilling to confirm in his mind that he is valueless: â€Å"Each time he asked himself that question his mind hit a blank wall and he stopped thinking† (Wright 12). In order not to directly see his reality, Bigger suspends his thinking from the unbearable and repetitious everyday-life. Therefore, wastefully he just spends most of time in the trivial matters such as deciding to â€Å"buy a ten-cent magazine, or go to a movie, or go to the poolroom and talk with the gang, or just loaf around† (Wright 13). The following description well shows Bigger’s unconscious desire to look away from a grim reality. He stretched his arms above his head and yawned; his eyes moistened. The sharp precision of the world of steel and stone dissolved into blurred waves. He blinked and the world grew hard again, mechanical, distinct (Wright 16). What Bigger wants is an escape from the â€Å"mechanical† and â€Å"distinct† society (Wright 16). Thus, he wants to see the distinct boundary of society to be blurred even in the short moment of yawning. He feels comfort in the instant moment that sharp distinction of reality is blunt. The comfort, however, offered by temporary optical illusion, vanishes even simply by a blink. This kind of escapist-inclination is also revealed in the cases of Mrs. Thomas or Bigger’s girlfriend, Bessie. Mrs. Thomas retreats into conventional religion because she is unable to handle the harsh reality. Likewise, Bessie is frequently anesthetized by alcohol, swing music, and sex because she is afraid to realize herself, completely trapped by white-centered society. In relation to Bigger, he is momentarily satisfied with constructing his own fantasy: indulging in movies, dreaming of robbing a white-owned store, and playing white, â€Å"referring to a game of play-acting in which he and his friends imitated the ways and manners of white folks† (Wright 17). Everyone in the novel is described literally or figuratively as blind people, from the state’s attorney, Buckley, whose sight is prejudiced by virulent racism, to Mrs. Dalton, whose blindness is actual as well as symbolic. As Brignano states, the world of Native Son is essentially â€Å"a world divided by a color curtain† (38), and no one ever really sees Bigger. Instead, they see what they believe because the blind people are â€Å"seduced by social stereotypes into seeing myth rather than the individual† (Felgar 100). Before Bigger kills Bessie, he rapes her. He is not conscious that he is raping her because the meaning of rape for him is much different from its general notion. When Bessie said to him that â€Å"they’ll say you raped her,† Bigger effaces a physical part from the concept of rape, and he replaces it with a psychological part: Had he raped her? Yes, he had raped her. Every time he felt as he had felt that night, he raped. But rape was not what one did to women. Rape was what one felt when one’s back was against a wall and one had to strike out, whether one wanted to or not, to keep the pack from killing one. He committed rape every time he looked into a white face. He was a long, taut piece of rubber which a thousand white hands had stretched to the snapping point, and when he snapped it was rape. But it was rape when he cried out in hate deep in his heart as he felt the strain of living day by day. That, too, was rape (Wright 227-228). Bigger has no regard to Bessie’s continuous rejection because, for him, rape means both an irresolvable fury toward white people and the ineffaceable humiliation of black life. In addition, because he is completely immersed in his desire to do and to fulfill something, Bessie’s protests are utterly ignored in his consciousness: â€Å"Her voice came to him now from out of a deep, faraway silence and he paid her no heed. The loud demand of the tensity of his own body was a voice that drowned out hers† (Wright 233). Contrary to Bigger’s elated state. Social reality is growing ever more hostile to black people because of his crime. Five thousand policemen are thrown about Black Belt, many windows in the Negro section are smashed, all white schools are scheduled to be closed until the black murderer is captured, and several hundred black employees throughout the city are dismissed from jobs. Especially, Bigger realizes again the blind, inhuman and white-centered attitudes of society after being captured by policemen. At a court room in the Cook Country Morgue, what Bigger comes to feel is not a sense of guilt but rebellion, which arises against the fact that he has to be degraded into the sport for whites even in the moment of confronting death. Bigger think white people have no right to watch and use him for whatever they want: He sensed that in their attitude toward him they had gone beyond hate. He was their eyes gazing at him with calm conviction. Though he could not have put it into wo rds, he felt that not only had they resolved to put him to death, but that they were determined to make his death mean more than a mere punishment; that they regarded him as a figment of that black world which they feared and were anxious to keep under control. The atmosphere of the crowd told him that they were going to use his death as a bloody symbol of fear to wave before the eyes of that black world (Wright 276). Especially, Bigger seriously contemplates himself and the meaning of his life through the conversation with Max. The dialogue makes Bigger perceive relationships between himself and other people that he has never thought of: If that white looming mountain of hate were not a mountain at all, but people, people like himself, and like Jan—then he was faced with a high hope the like of which he had never thought could be, and a despair the full depths of which he knew he could not stand to feel (Wright 361). Faced with impending death, Bigger is aware of why he had to kill other people, and of what he did not know: But really I never wanted to hurt nobody†¦ They was crowding me too close; they wouldn’t give me no room†¦ I was always wanting something and I was feeling that nobody would let me have it†¦ I’ll be feeling and thinking that they didn’t see me and I didn’t see them (Wright 425). â€Å"I didn’t want to kill!† Bigger shouted. â€Å"But what I keeled for, I am!†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. â€Å"What I killed for must’ve been good! When a man kills, it’s for something†¦. I didn’t know I was really alive in this world until I felt things hard enough to kill for’em†¦. It’s the truth† (Wright 429). Bigger’s statement, â€Å"What I killed for I am!,† shows the awareness of his whole personality (Wright 429). It is not an irresponsible excuse but a painful acknowledgement of himself. Bigger does not assert his violent act of murder is good because he has regretted such violence by realizing, in guilt and horror, how it has hurt many innocent people. Ultimately, Bigger himself comprehends that he has been distorted, alienated and blinded his whole life. Equally, he realizes too much suffering and sacrifices have been paid in order to achieve his self. Apparently, Bigger’s tragedy lies in that he fails to grasp the proper moment of life, recognizing himself as a full human being, and he only comes to grasp that moment on the day of his execution. His awareness is too late. In addition, the total awareness was possible in the condition that all the other opportunities were deprived by confinement in prison except death: Waiting to die, Bigger discards all hopes for living, because he does not have to resist being oppressed by a racist society and to fear being cornered by a harsh environment. What Bigger achieves is not the splendid thing that all the people would try to gladly attain and assimilate. However, Bigger’s desperate struggle to achieve the meaning of his existence cannot be simply considered as a trivial and monstrous thing, even though the achievement has originated from violence and rebellion. Bigger’s self-awareness is important in both personal an social respects. For, in the personal dimension, Bigger continuously attempts to realize his existence, resists not to be a mere environmental victim, and he torturously achieves his inward life that makes him understand other people as well as himself until the last moment of his life. And in the social dimension, the problems of Bigger transcend the limit of race, and present with reconsiderations to think about other oppressed people in society. In the end, the tragedy of Bigger Thomas clearly shows the painful process of self-awareness of one human being who suffers from the oppression of social prejudice, and struggles to find his human value. In Native Son, violence of whites and blacks is directed toward each other. The society, stained with hostility and discrimination, prevents people from realizing their full potential as human beings and excludes them from full and equal participation in society. In such condition, like in the case of Bigger Thomas, self-realization can only come through violence. Finally, the destruction from such violence is mutual: What becomes the tragedy of an individual ultimately leads to the tragedy of society.

Quality-of-Life: Patients with Common Dermatological Disease

Quality-of-Life: Patients with Common Dermatological Disease Skin diseases are frequent in all over the world. Approximately 30% of Americans had at least one skin condition that leads to further medical examination (1). Patients with skin disease have experienced various problems including emotional, financial, psychological and social issues which can affect their quality of life (QoL) (2). Skin diseases are responsible for the majority of morbidity due to the presence of physical symptoms. Some studies reported that itching and fatigue are the main complaint in patients with skin diseases; moreover, compared with the normal people, these patients had a lower psychosocial wellbeing which it depended on disease-severity and duration, disease-related quality of life, and presence of physical symptoms such as itch, pain and fatigue (3-4). It also reported that some skin diseases can cause higher degree of disability in comparison with many chronic diseases (5). For instance patients who suffered from psoriasis reported fatigue, stigmatization, and loss of physical function, lack of self confidence, impaired daily and social function and limitations in social contacts (6). Some studies suggested that that eczema and psoriasis have a lower mental health compare patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and psychiatric patients had better functioning compared to patients with skin disorders, also the harmful effects of psoriasis on QOL were comparable to that seen in breast cancer, arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, and mood disorders (7-8). The World Health Organization defines QOL as â€Å"individuals’ expectation of their position in life, in the context of the cultural and value system in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns† (9). It is very difficult to achieve QOL in patients with skin diseases. This may be due to the patients worrying about their unhandsome appearance in confronting people and so, what they think about their skin. Therefore, it is very important for clinicians or dermatologists to improve the QOL in these patients by concentrating on patients symptoms and appearance. Assessing QOL provides more accurate information about patients needs and helps dermatologist to decide better about patients treatment. So, it improves better patients service and QOL (10). Because QOL shows a very important aspect in physical and mental health, this review was aimed on evaluating the impacts of QOL of patients on various skin diseases including psoriasis, vitiligo, acne vulgaris, atopic dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis and also, how much these diseases affected QOL and what factors may be associated with a worse QOL. ACNE VULGARIS: Acne vulgaris is the probably most prevalent skin disease in adolescents and especially during puberty. Approximately all of men and women experienced at least one acne lesions during their lifetime (11). In some studies has reported that this skin disorder, affecting almost 80% of individuals who aged from 11 to 30 years. 17However, this rate varied between 41.7% -93.3% in different countries with populations aged 12 to 18 years (12-13). Also, it has reported that acne and actinic keratosis represented the two most common presentations in dermatologists office visits, with both conditions resulting in 5.2 million visits and 15% of total visits yearly in United States (14). QoL issues have been well-known in acne vulgaris. One of the most important in adolescence is a good appearance. It affected self-worth and self confidence. Acne vulgaris may cause some morbidity in many teenage patients such as low self-esteem, social isolation, and depression and suicidal ideation (15-18). There are some validated criteria for evaluating and identifying individuals with acne vulgaris include the Acne Disability Index (ADI), Cardiff Acne Disability Index (CADI), and the Acne-QoL index (19). It is worth mentioning that CADI and acne-Qol were Simpler and more rapidly used than the ADI index (19). Of note, physical morbidity and decreased social functioning in adulthood may be the complications of acne vulgaris that had happened in adolescents (20). Verhoeven et al.(3) suggested in his study that patients with skin diseases in experienced a lower psychosocial well-being compare to the normal population and several of these patients was at risk of developing severe mood disorders such as depression. Also, the psychosocial problems were more frequent in patient with chronic skin disease. Also, Patients who suffered from acne vulgaris have worse mental health and anxiety and depression status than individuals with asthma, epilepsy, diabetes, CVD, back pain, or arthritis (2, 21). About the half of adolescent patients accepted acne as a disease, but 86% think that treatment is necessary to improve their appearance (12). This is the reason that subjects with worse symptoms and QoL condition should be treated by the physician or dermatologist with more aggressive or systemic treatments such as corticosteroids(22). In some cases, referral for further evaluation by a psychologist is recommended (23). Effective treatments may be useful to reach the optimum QoL burden of this common disease. ATOPIC DERMATITIS: It is reported that the atopic dermatitis causes most physician office visit and outpatient hospital visits in United States (14). Atopic dermatitis (AD) describes an inflammatory, chronically relapsing skin condition that, along with asthma and allergic rhinitis, is part of the atopic triad (24). The condition gives rise to itching and severely dry skin, and is characterized by an allergic predisposition, pruritus, erythema, oozing, crusting, excoriations, lichenification, sensitivity to allergens/ irritants and susceptibility to secondary infections (24) Atopic dermatitis typically appears in early childhood, and patients may experience periodic flare-ups throughout adulthood (25). A worldwide study found that AD affects approximately 5% to 20% of children at ages 6 – 7 and 13–14 years, with the prevalence being highest in developed countries (26). Other estimates of prevalence in children fall within this range. The prevalence of AD in Canada was estimated to be 8.5% for children aged 6 – 7 years, and 9.4% for children aged 13–14 years (26). Approximately 10% of cases are considered to be severe, with approximately half the remaining cases being considered moderate and half being considered mild. Incidence and severity are approximately equal among males and females (24). Evidence suggests that the prevalence of AD in Western nations is increasing. Parents report that their children with AD experience sleep disturbance, and are more clingy, frustrated, and irritable (27-29). Studies have found a correlation between AD and attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (30-32). Infants with AD are also found to be at greater risk for development of mental health problems by age 10 years. The prevalence and burden of AD in teenagers is less well understood. Adolescents with AD are at significant risk of impaired QoL similar to that of acne vulgaris, including predisposition to depression, impaired social interaction with members of the opposite sex, and sexual functioning.54 Using Skindex-Teen, adolescents with AD generally experienced similar impairment in QoL as those with acne (33). Indices to accurately measure QoL in pediatric patients with AD are highly relevant to clinical practice and research. To more completely gauge the comprehensive burden of disease, the clinician should aim to objectively review QoL and physical impairment (34-35). Patients with severe QoL impairment caused by AD may be in greater need of aggressive treatment strategies to minimize comorbidities and the longterm psychosocial effects of their disease. It is critical to involve both the caregiver and patient in these treatment strategies. . 1.Johnson M-LT. Defining the Burden of Skin Disease in the United States[mdash]A Historical Perspective. J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc. 2004;9(2):108-10. 2.Brown MM, Chamlin SL, Smidt AC. Quality of life in pediatric dermatology. Dermatologic clinics. 2013;31(2):211-21. 3.Verhoeven EWM, Kraaimaat FW, Van De Kerkhof PCM, Van Weel C, Duller P, Van Der Valk PGM, et al. Psychosocial well-being of patients with skin diseases in general practice. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2007;21(5):662-8. 4.Verhoeven E, Kraaimaat F, Van De Kerkhof P, Van Weel C, Duller P, Van Der Valk P, et al. Prevalence of physical symptoms of itch, pain and fatigue in patients with skin diseases in general practice. British Journal of Dermatology. 2007;156(6):1346-9. 5.Walker S, Shah M, Hubbard V, Pradhan H, Ghimire M. Skin disease is common in rural Nepal: results of a point prevalence study. British Journal of Dermatology. 2008;158(2):334-8. 6.Spilker B. Quality of life and pharmacoeconomics in clinical trials. 1996. 7.Sprangers MAG, de Regt EB, Andries F, van Agt HME, Bijl RV, de Boer JB, et al. Which chronic conditions are associated with better or poorer quality of life? Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 2000;53(9):895-907. 8.Rapp SR, Feldman SR, Exum ML, Fleischer Jr AB, Reboussin DM. Psoriasis causes as much disability as other major medical diseases. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 1999;41(3):401-7. 9.WHOQOL Measuring Quality of Life, Geneva Switzerland: Division of Mental Health and Prevention of Substance Abuse, World Health Organization. 1997. 10.David S, Ahmed Z, Salek M, Finlay A. Does enough quality of lifeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ related discussion occur during dermatology outpatient consultations? British Journal of Dermatology. 2005;153(5):997-1000. 11.Bickers DR, Lim HW, Margolis D, Weinstock MA, Goodman C, Faulkner E, et al. The burden of skin diseases: 2004: A joint project of the American Academy of Dermatology Association and the Society for Investigative Dermatology. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2006;55(3):490-500. 12.Uslu G, Ã…Å ¾endur N, Uslu M, Ã…Å ¾avk E, Karaman G, Eskin M. Acne: prevalence, perceptions and effects on psychological health among adolescents in Aydin, Turkey. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2008;22(4):462-9. 13.Gollnick H, Cunliffe W, Berson D, Dreno B, Finlay A, Leyden JJ, et al. Management of Acne. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. [doi: 10.1067/mjd.2003.618]. 2003;49(1):S1-S37. 14.Kalia S, Haiducu ML. The Burden of Skin Disease in the United States and Canada. Dermatologic clinics. [doi: 10.1016/j.det.2011.09.004]. 2012 30(1):5-18. 15.Smithard A, Glazebrook C, Williams H. Acne prevalence, knowledge about acne and psychological morbidity in midà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ adolescence: a communityà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based study. British Journal of Dermatology. 2001;145(2):274-9. 16.Rapp D, Brenes G, Feldman S, Fleischer A, Graham G, Dailey M, et al. Anger and acne: implications for quality of life, patient satisfaction and clinical care. British Journal of Dermatology. 2004;151(1):183-9. 17.Krejci-Manwaring J, Kerchner K, Feldman SR, Rapp DA, Rapp SR. Social sensitivity and acne: the role of personality in negative social consequences and quality of life. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine. 2006;36(1):121-30. 18.Magin P, Pond C, Smith W, Goode S. Acnes relationship with psychiatric and psychological morbidity: results of a schoolà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ based cohort study of adolescents. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2010;24(1):58-64. 19.Walker N, Lewis-Jones MS. Quality of life and acne in Scottish adolescent schoolchildren: use of the Childrens Dermatology Life Quality Index © (CDLQI) and the Cardiff Acne Disability Index © (CADI). Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2006;20(1):45-50. 20.Brown BC, McKenna SP, Siddhi K, McGrouther DA, Bayat A. The hidden cost of skin scars: quality of life after skin scarring. Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive Aesthetic Surgery. 2008;61(9):1049-58. 21.Niemeier V, Kupfer J, Gieler U. Acne vulgaris – Psychosomatic aspects. JDDG: Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft. 2006;4(12):1027-36. 22.Finlay AY. The burden of skin disease: quality of life, economic aspects and social issues. Clinical Medicine. 2009 December 1, 2009;9(6):592-4. 23.Gupta MA, Gupta AK. The use of antidepressant drugs in dermatology. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology. 2001;15(6):512-8. 24.Barbeau M, Bpharm HL. Burden of Atopic dermatitis in Canada. International Journal of Dermatology. 2006;45(1):31-6. 25.Knoell KA, Greer KE. Atopic Dermatitis. Pediatrics in Review. 1999 February 1, 1999;20(2):46-52. 26.Williams H, Robertson C, Stewart A, Aà ¯t-Khaled N, Anabwani G, Anderson R, et al. Worldwide variations in the prevalence of symptoms of atopic eczema in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1999;103(1):125-38. 27.Schmitt J, Chen CM, Apfelbacher C, Romanos M, Lehmann I, Herbarth O, et al. Infant eczema, infant sleeping problems, and mental health at 10 years of age: the prospective birth cohort study LISAplus. Allergy. 2011;66(3):404-11. 28.Chamlin SL, Frieden IJ, Williams ML, Chren M-M. Effects of atopic dermatitis on young American children and their families. Pediatrics. 2004;114(3):607-11. 29.Chamlin SL, Mattson CL, Frieden IJ, Williams ML, Mancini AJ, Cella D, et al. The price of pruritus: sleep disturbance and cosleeping in atopic dermatitis. Archives of pediatrics adolescent medicine. 2005;159(8):745-50. 30.Romanos M, Gerlach M, Warnke A, Schmitt J. 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